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Inglês na EPCAR

Lista de 20 exercícios de Inglês com gabarito sobre o tema Inglês na EPCAR com questões da Vestibulares Militares



Texto para todas as questões

Directions: Read the text below and answer question according to the text.

TEXT

The search for life beyond Earth

We have always been fascinated by the thought of

alien life elsewhere in the universe. The idea has

provided the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction

stories that have been limited only by our imaginations.

[5] But can other creatures exist in the vast reaches of

space or on other planets or moons? And are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or are we more

likely to find something much simpler?

Where are all the aliens?

[10] Our Sun is just one star among billions in our

galaxy. In the last few years, scientists have detected

thousands of planets around other stars and it seems

that most stars have planetary systems. It’s therefore

likely that there will be large numbers of habitable

[15] planets in the Milky Way galaxy and beyond that are

capable of supporting intelligent life. Some of these

intelligent civilisations, if they’re out there, may have

even developed interstellar travel. Are there other intelligent forms of life out there—or

[20] are we more likely to find something much simpler?

But Earth hasn’t been visited by any intelligent

aliens (yet?). This apparent high probability of life,

combined with a lack of evidence for its existence, is

called the Fermi Paradox, named for the physicist

[25] Enrico Fermi who first outlined1 the argument back in

1950. This begs the question: where is everybody?

Back in 1961, astronomer Francis Drake tried to

rationalise this question by developing an equation that

takes into account2 all the factors relevant to finding

[30] alien civilisations and gives an estimate of the number

of civilisations out there in the galaxy that should be

able to communicate with us. It considers factors such

as the rate3 of new star formation, how many planets

around those new and existing stars might be able to

[35] support life, the number of planets supporting intelligent

life, how many of those civilisations might have

technology we can detect, whether they’re likely to

communicate with us here on Earth, and so on.

The search for extraterrestrial intelligence

[40] Scientists and radio astronomers have started the

search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) in a

systematic manner. Several international organisations,

including the SETI Institute and the SETI League, are

using radio telescopes to detect signals that might have

[45] been produced by intelligent life.

In 1995, the SETI Institute started Project Phoenix,

which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes

in the world: the Green Bank radio telescope in West

Virginia, USA; the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico;

[50] and the Parkes radio telescope in NSW, Australia.

During its initial phase, Project Phoenix used the

Parkes telescope to search for signals coming from 202

Sun-like stars as distant as 155 light years away. By the

end of its operations, Project Phoenix had scanned a [55] total of 800 ‘nearby’4 (up to 240 light years away) stars

for signs of life. The project detected some cosmic

noises, but none of that could be attributed to aliens.

These days, anyone can become involved in the

search for extraterrestrial intelligence through their

[60] personal computer.

While there’s currently excitement about sending

human crews to Mars, missions beyond the Red Planet

are at this stage pretty much not feasible5 the distances

and travel times involved are simply too great.

[65] Basically, all exploration for life beyond Earth will need

to be done using robotic space probes6 and landing

rovers. These instruments can provide a huge wealth of

information and are capable of exploring as far away as

Pluto, perhaps even beyond our solar system. But as

[70] for life beyond the solar system, the nearest stars are

several light years away, and even communications by

electromagnetic waves (which all travel at the speed of

light) are essentially going to be a one-way message.

While we probably won’t find intelligent life too close

[75] to home, there’s a chance we may still find much

simpler life forms. Do we have neighbours beyond

Earth? Time will tell—and the search continues.

(Adapted from https://www.science.org.au/curious/space-time/search-lifebeyond-earth – Access on 16/02/19)

Glossary:

1. to outline – describe or give the main fact about something

2. to take into account – consider something

3. rate – expansion

4. nearby – short distance away

5. feasible – appropriate; suitable

6. space probe – spy satellite

01. (EPCAR)

“the basis for a huge wealth of science fiction stories” (lines 3 and 4).

The underlined word is a synonym for

  1. interesting.
  2. limited.
  3. important.
  4. enormous.

02. (EPCAR)

The text states that

  1. other creatures have already visited us.
  2. scientists have searched smart aliens.
  3. we have neighbours beyond Earth.
  4. nobody has proved the existence of extraterrestrial life.

03. (EPCAR)

Mark the alternative in which the highlighted word is used with the same meaning as in the sentence below.

“We have always been fascinated by the thought of alien life elsewhere in the universe.” (lines 1 and 2).

  1. We didn't give any thought to her appearance.
  2. We thought about the time we spent in the army.
  3. We thought of a pretty good excuse for being late.
  4. We’d buy John's old car, but we thought better of it.

04. (EPCAR)

Mark the statement that is in DISAGREEMENT with the text.

  1. There’s a possibility of finding life in other places in the universe.
  2. Appropriate equipment will be necessary for the exploration.
  3. International organisations detected aliens’ signals.
  4. Francis Drake developed an equation to find alien civilisations.

05. (EPCAR)

Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.

Where are all the aliens? (line 9)

  1. Nobody saw them.
  2. There are some beyond Earth.
  3. There aren't any in the universe.
  4. There aren't none in our galaxy.

06. (EPCAR)

According to paragraph 2,

  1. here aren’t many stars in our galaxy.
  2. we may not be alone.
  3. scientists developed interstellar travel.
  4. our sun is the most important star among billions of planetary systems.

07. (EPCAR)

Mark the statement that is NOT mentioned in the text.

  1. The Fermi Paradox tries to answer the question of where the aliens are.
  2. Drake’s equation comes from Fermi’s question.
  3. The SETI Institute and the SETI League try to prove that aliens don’t exist.
  4. Project Phoenix has tried to detect signs of life.

08. (EPCAR)

Considering the plural form of the nouns, mark the correct alternative.

  1. Basis (line 3) – base.
  2. Galaxy (line 11) – galaxyes
  3. Life (line 36) – lives.
  4. Search (line 39) – searchers.

09. (EPCAR)

Mark the alternative that is grammatically INCORRECT.

  1. Milky Way is the galaxy where there will probably be a large number of habitable planets.
  2. 1961 is the year when the astronomer Francis Drake developed an equation.
  3. Scientists and astronomers were the ones who started the search for extraterrestrial intelligence.
  4. Robotic space probes are instruments what can provide a huge wealth of information.

10. (EPCAR)

The word none (line 57) refers to

  1. noises.
  2. project.
  3. aliens.
  4. no one.

11. (EPCAR)

Mark the alternative that completes the sentence below correctly.

All exploration will happen if they ___ robotic space probes.

  1. will use
  2. using
  3. use
  4. are going to use

12. (EPCAR)

“Do we have neighbours beyond Earth?” (lines 76 and 77).

One of the alternatives DOESN’T answer the question. Mark it.

  1. No, we haven't.
  2. Probably not.
  3. I don't think so.
  4. No, we don't.

13. (EPCAR)

The content of the text is based on

  1. mistakes and denials.
  2. doubts and lies.
  3. truths and faults.
  4. facts and possibilities.

14. (EPCAR)

Read the sentences from the text and classify them. The underlined excerpts are examples of

“Project Phoenix, which used three of the most powerful radio telescopes in the world:” (lines 46 to 48).

“there’s a chance we may still find much simpler life forms .” (lines 75 and 76).

  1. comparative and superlative.
  2. superlative and comparative.
  3. superlative of inferiority.
  4. comparative of equality.

15. (EPCAR) The author concludes that

  1. the subject is still uncertain.
  2. our intelligent neighbours live nearby in the universe.
  3. the time for answers has already come.
  4. there’s no chance of finding new forms of life.